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1.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 20: e211656, jan.-dez. 2021. tab
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1253734

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study evaluated the water sorption and solubility of a light-cured resin cement, under four thicknesses and four opacities of a lithium disilicate ceramic, also considering three light-emitting diode (LED) units. Methods: A total of 288 specimens of a resin cement (AllCem Veneer Trans ­ FGM) were prepared, 96 samples were light-cured by each of the three light curing units (Valo ­ Ultradent / Radii-Cal ­ SDI / Bluephase II ­ Ivoclar Vivadent), divided into 16 experimental conditions, according to the opacities of the ceramic: High Opacity (HO), Medium Opacity (MO), Low Translucency (LT), High Translucency (HT), and thicknesses (0.3, 0.8, 1.5, and 2.0 mm) (n = 6). The specimens were weighed at three different times: Mass M1 (after making the specimens), M2 (after 7 days of storage in water), and M3 (after dissection cycle), for calculating water sorption and solubility. Results: The higher thickness of the ceramic (2.0 mm) significantly increased the values of water sorption (44.0± 4.0) and solubility (7.8±0.6), compared to lower thicknesses. Also, the ceramic of higher opacity (HO) generated the highest values of sorption and solubility when compared to the other opacities, regardless of the thickness tested (ANOVA-3 factors / Tukey's test, α = 0.05). There was no influence of light curing units. Conclusion: Higher thicknesses and opacities of the ceramic increased the water sorption and solubility of the tested light-cured resin cement


Subject(s)
Ceramics , Cementation , Resin Cements , Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives
2.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 26(4): e21spe4, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1339805

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Having a beautiful smile is the main desire of people seeking dental treatment. To achieve this goal, many variables must be considered. These include tooth alignment, color, shape and size, besides their harmonious relationship with the lips and face. An individualized diagnosis is essential to achieve the best result. Within this context, facial analysis and the characteristics of shape, size and position of maxillary incisors play a key role. Methods: This paper describes clinical situations in which interdisciplinary treatment was performed to achieve esthetic results in a conservative manner and ensuring greater stability. In most cases requiring reshaping of maxillary incisors for esthetic reasons, prior orthodontic movement is essential. The main focus of this paper is to discuss the many variables involved in these situations. Results and Conclusion: The results of treatments described in this paper were obtained by means of a multidisciplinary approach, involving Orthodontics and Esthetic Dentistry, acting in harmony and recognizing their possibilities and limitations, in order to offer patients the best esthetic solution for their smile. The best treatment option is not always the easiest or fastest. The dentist, as a health professional, should consider the patients' wishes but also perform treatments with minimal intervention, and the best and most predictable esthetic result, also focusing on function and health.


RESUMO Introdução: Ter um sorriso bonito é o principal desejo de quem busca um tratamento odontológico. Para se alcançar esse objetivo, muitas variáveis devem ser consideradas. Entre elas, estão alinhamento, cor, forma e tamanho dos dentes, além da sua relação harmoniosa com os lábios e a face. O diagnóstico individualizado é essencial para se alcançar o melhor resultado. Nesse contexto, a análise facial e as características de forma, tamanho e posição dos incisivos superiores têm papel primordial. Métodos: O presente artigo descreve situações clínicas em que o tratamento interdisciplinar foi realizado para alcançar resultados estéticos de modo conservador e garantindo maior estabilidade. Na maioria dos casos em que os incisivos superiores precisam ser reanatomizados por razões estéticas, a movimentação ortodôntica prévia é fundamental. O principal foco desse trabalho é a discussão das muitas variáveis envolvidas nessas situações. Resultados e Conclusão: Os resultados dos tratamentos descritos nesse artigo foram obtidos a partir de um planejamento realizado em equipe - Ortodontia e Dentística, trabalhando em harmonia, reconhecendo as suas possibilidades e limitações, são capazes de oferecer aos pacientes a melhor solução estética para o seu sorriso. A melhor alternativa de tratamento nem sempre é a mais fácil ou a mais rápida. O cirurgião-dentista, como profissional de saúde, deve acolher os desejos dos pacientes, mas realizar tratamentos com intervenção mínima e com o melhor e mais previsível resultado estético, com foco dirigido, também, à função e saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Orthodontics , Incisor , Smiling , Esthetics, Dental , Maxilla
3.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 19: e201704, jan.-dez. 2020. ilus
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1116338

ABSTRACT

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the translucency of ceramic on water sorption and solubility of resin cements over time. Methods: Lithium disilicate ceramic slides (15x15x1 mm), A1 in color and with different translucencies (high-medium-low) were manufactured; and a glass slide with similar dimension was used as control. Under every slide, 15 specimens (8x0.5 mm) from each resin cement were prepared: light-cured (RelyX Veneer); conventional dual-cured (RelyX ARC); and self-adhesive dual-cured (Rely-X U200). The specimens were then sub-divided according to the period of evaluation (immediately, after 6 and 12 months of storage) (n=5). To evaluate the loss or gain of mass, the specimens were dried until a constant mass was reached. Subsequently, they were divided according to the respective period of storage at 37°C in distilled water and weighed immediately following removal from water. After each period, specimens underwent a new dehydration. Values from water sorption and solubility were calculated and statistically analyzed (Anova 3-way/Tukey test). Results: The lower translucency resulted in greater water sorption and solubility for all cements, regardless of the experimental period. The self-adhesive dual-cured cement showed higher water sorption under all experimental periods and had worse values after 1 year aging. Differences among solubility could only be detected after aging, and the light-cured material had higher values after 6 and 12 months. Conclusions: It could be concluded that the low degree of translucency can negatively influence the passage of light and interfere on the durability of the resin cement. The conventional dual-cured resinous agent seemed to be less affected by such condition


Subject(s)
Solubility , Ceramics , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Self-Curing of Dental Resins
4.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 18(3): 397-401, dez 20, 2019. fig, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1359198

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a influência de diferentes protocolos de polimento sobre a rugosidade superficial de uma resina composta nanoparticulada. Metodologia: foram confeccionados 30 corpos de prova (1,5 mm espessura e 6 mm diâmetro), divididos em 3 grupos (n=10), de acordo com o tipo de polimento realizado: 1. Grupo controle; 2. Borrachas abrasivas em 3 granulações (grossa, média, fina); 3 Borracha abrasiva de granulação única. Todos os grupos receberam acabamento com lixa d'água, simulando uma ponta diamantada fina, sendo que o grupo controle não recebeu o polimento com borracha, após esse acabamento. Após o polimento dos grupos 2 e 3, a rugosidade superficial de cada corpo de prova, dos três grupos, foi avaliada em 3 medidas, através de rugosímetro, sendo calculada a média aritmética dos 3 valores picos e vales. A análise estatística inferencial foi feita por meio da ANOVA a 1-critério e teste de Tukey, para comparações múltiplas, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: observaram-se maiores valores de rugosidade no grupo controle (3,31µm), seguido do polimento de 1 passo (1,53µm) e 3 passos (0,48µm). Conclusão: diante disso, observa-se alta rugosidade superficial no acabamento com pontas diamantadas, simulado pelo grupo controle, e sua redução após o polimento. Entretanto, apenas o sistema de 3 passos foi capaz de produzir uma lisura superficial clinicamente aceitável.


Aim: the aim of the present study was to compare the influence of different polishing protocols on the surface roughness of a nanoparticulate composite resin. Methodology: Thirty specimens (1.5 mm thickness and 6 mm diameter) were made and divided into 3 groups (n = 10), according to the type of polishing performed: 1. Control group; 2. 3 grit abrasive rubs (thick, medium, thin); 3 Single grain abrasive rubber. All groups were finished with sandpaper, simulating a fine diamond tip, and the control group did not receive rubber polishing after this finish. After groups 2 and 3 polishing, the surface roughness of each specimen of the three groups were evaluated in 3 measurements by means of roughness, and the arithmetic mean of the 3 peaks and valleys (Ra) values were calculated. Inferential statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons, with a significance level of 5%. Results: higher roughness values were observed in the control group (3.31µm), followed by 1-step (1.53µm) and 3-step (0.48µm) polishing. Conclusion: therefore, it is noticed a high surface roughness in the diamond-tipped finish, simulated by the control group, which was reduced after polishing. However, only the 3-step system was able to produce a clinically acceptable surface smoothness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Resins, Synthetic , Composite Resins , Dental Polishing , Nanoparticles
5.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 17(3): 381-385, nov 19, 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248131

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a presença de bolhas no interior das restaurações de resina composta pode reduzir suas propriedades biomecânicas, levando ao insucesso do tratamento. Objetivo: avaliar visual e radiograficamente a presença de bolhas em restaurações de resina composta classe II in vitro utilizando diferentes técnicas restauradoras. Metodologia: foram confeccionados 40 corpos de prova em uma matriz metálica bipartida, randomizados em quatro grupos (n=10) de acordo com a técnica de inserção de resina utilizada: Grupo 1 - resina bulk fill flow e resina regular, Grupo 2 ­ resina bulk fill regular e resina regular, Grupo 3 - resina regular pela técnica incremental oblíqua e Grupo 4 ­ resina regular pela técnica incremental horizontal. A avaliação da presença de bolhas foi realizada pelos testes visual e radiográfico. Resultados: o grupo da resina bulk fill flow (G1) foi o que apresentou menor média de bolhas para os dois métodos de avaliação (6,5 para o visual e 2,4 para o radiográfico) e o grupo da técnica incremental horizontal foi o que apresentou maior média de bolhas (24,2 para o teste visual e 4,5 para o radiográfico). Conclusão: a técnica bulk fill apresentou menor formação de bolhas quando comparada à técnica incremental. Desta forma, as resinas bulk fill, principalmente com sua apresentação fluida, parecem ser uma opção viável de material restaurador direto por ser de inserção única, simplificando o procedimento, e evitar a incorporação de bolhas, preservando as propriedades biomecânicas do material.


Introduction: the presence of voids within the composite resin restorations can reduce their biomechanical properties, leading to the failure of the treatment. Objetictive: to evaluate visual and radiographically the presence of voids in class II in vitro composite resin restorations using different restorative techniques. Methodology: 40 specimens were made in a bipartite metal matrix, randomized into four groups (n = 10) according to the used resin insertion technique: Group 1 - Bulk Fill Flow Resin and Regular Resin, Group 2 ­Bulk Fill Regular Resin and Regular Resin, Group 3 - Regular Resin by oblique incremental technique and Group 4 ­Regular Resin by incremental horizontal technique. The evaluation of the presence of voids was made by visual and radiographic tests. Results: the Bulk Fill Flow Resin group (G1) was that showed lower average of voids for the two evaluation methods (6,5 for the visual test and 2,4 for the radiographic) and the group of horizontal incremental technique was the one that presented higher average of voids (24,2 for the visual test and 4,5 for the radiographic). Conclusion: the Bulk Fill technique showed lower formation of voids compared to incremental technique. This way, the Bulk Fill resins, mainly with their fluid presentation, appear to be a viable option of direct restorative material for being single insertion, simplifying the procedure and preventing the incorporation of air voids, preserving the properties the biomechanical material.


Subject(s)
Composite Resins
6.
Rev. odontol. UNESP (Online) ; 47(3): 183-188, maio-jun. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-961518

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As resinas compostas estão sujeitas à desafios na cavidade oral relacionados aos hábitos dos pacientes, que podem comprometer a integridade e longevidade das restaurações. As consequências da associação do consumo de bebidas e o uso de cigarros à profilaxia profissional precisam ser estudadas. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar como o jateamento com bicarbonato de sódio afeta a mudança de massa (sorção e solubilidade) de uma resina composta exposta à fumaça de cigarro, vinho tinto e café. Material e método: Oitenta corpos-de-prova de resina composta (FiltekZ350 XT - 3M/ESPE) foram preparados e distribuídos em 8 grupos (n=10): G1 (jateamento + água destilada), G2 (jateamento + café), G3 (jateamento + vinho tinto), G4 (jateamento + fumaça de cigarro), G5 (água destilada), G6 (café), G7 (vinho tinto) e G8 (fumaça de cigarro). Os corpos-de-prova de resina composta foram pesados em três tempos diferentes para obter M1 (massa inicial), M2 (massa após 30 dias de armazenamento nas soluções testadas e exposição ao agente) e M3 (após dessecação). Os valores de sorção e solubilidade foram calculados e analisados usando ANOVA 2-fatores e teste Tukey (5%). Resultado: Os grupos experimentais tiveram maior sorção e solubilidade comparado ao grupo controle, independentemente do uso do jateamento. Não houve diferença estatística na sorção para o fator jateamento. Porém, a solubilidade foi maior nos grupos jateados. Conclusão: O jateamento com bicarbonato de sódio foi capaz de intensificar a solubilidade da resina testada, embora não tenha aumentado significativamente os valores de sorção.


Introduction: Composite resins are subject to challenges in the oral cavity that are related to patients' habits, which can compromise the restorations' integrity and longevity. Therefore, it is necessary to study how consuming beverages and smoking cigarettes affects professional prophylaxis. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate how the sodium bicarbonate air-polishing affects the mass change (sorption and solubility) of a composite resin exposed to cigarette smoke, red wine, or coffee solution. Material and method: Eighty composite resin samples (FiltekZ350 XT - 3M/ESPE) were prepared and distributed into 8 groups (n=10): G1 (air-polishing + distilled water), G2 (air-polishing + coffee), G3 (air-polishing + red wine), G4 (air-polishing + cigarette smoke), G5 (distilled water), G6 (coffee), G7 (red wine), or G8 (cigarette smoke). The composite resin samples were weighed in triplicate to obtain M1 (initial mass), M2 (mass after 30 days of storage in the tested solutions), and M3 (after desiccation) values. The sorption and solubility values were calculated and analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). Result: The experimental groups had higher sorption and solubility values than the control groups, regardless of whether air-polishing was used. There was no statistically significant difference in the sorption between the air-polished and non-air-polished groups; however, the solubility was higher in the air-polished groups. Conclusion: Air-polishing using sodium bicarbonate powder was able to intensify the solubility process of the tested resins but did not significantly increase the sorption values.


Subject(s)
Solubility , Analysis of Variance , Sodium Bicarbonate , Composite Resins , Dental Prophylaxis , Tobacco Products , Patients , Wine , Coffee
7.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 17: e18021, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-906089

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and the color stability of nanocomposite exposed to the sodium bicarbonate air-polishing (SBAP) followed by red wine, coffee and cigarette smoke exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 64 nanocomposite specimens were prepared and allocated in 8 groups: G1 (SBAP + distilled water), G2 (SBAP + coffee), G3 (SBAP + red wine), G4 (SBAP + cigarette smoke), G5 (distilled water), G6 (coffee), G7 (red wine) and G8 (cigarette smoke). The surface roughness was evaluated in three periods: before and after SBAP and after exposuring to agents tested. The color was evaluated according to CIEL*a*b* parameters using reflection spectrophotometer in two moments: initial and 30 days after the exposure to staining agents. Data were subjected to three-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). RESULTS: The results showed a higher surface roughness of the nanocomposite submitted only to the SBAP and those exposed to the SBAP followed by exposure to the coffee or wine solution. The previous application of SBAP followed by cigarette smoke exposure did not increase the roughness of nanocomposite. The SBAP procedure just increased the staining for cigarette smoke group. CONCLUSION: The SBAP increases resin surface roughness, which worsens when there is exposure to coffee and red wine solution. In addition, SBAP may also provide increased staining of nanocomposites exposed to cigarette smoke


Subject(s)
Beverages , Composite Resins , Dental Materials , Smoke , Sodium Bicarbonate
8.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 16(3): 312-317, dez 19, 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1293099

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a estabilidade de cor e a durabilidade de uma restauração em resina composta são influenciadas por sua lisura superficial. Características inerentes ao material, procedimentos de acabamento e polimento, dieta e hábitos dos indivíduos podem interferir nas suas propriedades superficiais. Objetivo: avaliar a rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas de esmalte submetidas ao contato com água de piscina clorada e estimar se o uso de uma proteção mecânica limitaria esse contato e seus efeitos. Metodologia: duzentos corpos de prova, de cinco diferentes resinas foram preparados e distribuídos, aleatoriamente, em quatro grupos (n=10), de acordo com o desafio a que foram submetidos: imersão em água destilada sem e com proteção de moldeira de acetato; imersão em água clorada sem e com proteção de moldeira de acetato. Os corpos ficaram imersos por 30 dias, sendo as respectivas águas trocadas diariamente. Para avaliação da rugosidade superficial, utilizou-se um rugosímetro. Procedeu-se à análise estatística inferencial por meio da análise de variância a 3-critérios, avaliando-se a comparação múltipla dessas médias com auxílio do teste de Tukey (nível de significância de 5%). Resultados: observou-se: interação significativa entre os fatores água e condição experimental (p<0,0001) e maior rugosidade superficial para a resina Esthet-X HD, quando exposta à água clorada. O uso da moldeira resultou em maiores valores de rugosidade superficial para todas as resinas testadas quando expostas à água clorada. Conclusão: o efeito da água de piscina foi material dependente. O uso da proteção mecânica pareceu aumentar a rugosidade superficial das resinas compostas expostas à água clorada.


Introduction: the color stability and durability of a composite resin restoration are influenced by its surface smoothness. Characteristics inherent to the material, finishing and polishing procedures, diet and habits of individuals may interfere with their surface properties. Objective: to evaluate the surface roughness of enamel composite resins submitted to contact with chlorinated pool water and to estimate if the use of a mechanical protection would limit this contact and its effects. Methodology: two hundred specimens of five different resins were prepared and randomly distributed into four groups (n = 10), according to the challenge they were subjected to: immersion in distilled water, without and with acetate tray protection; immersion in chlorinated water, without and with acetate tray protection. The bodies were immersed for 30 days, and their waters were changed daily. To evaluate the surface roughness, a rugosimeter was used. Inferential statistical analysis was performed using 3-criteria analysis of variance, and a multiple comparison of these means was evaluated using Tukey's test (significance level of 5%). Results: it was observed a significant interaction between water and experimental conditions (p <0.0001) and greater surface roughness for Esthet-X HD resin when exposed to chlorinated water. The use of the tray resulted in higher surface roughness values for all the resins tested when exposed to chlorinated water. Conclusion: the effect of pool water was dependent material. The use of mechanical protection appeared to increase the surface roughness of composite resins exposed to chlorinated water.


Subject(s)
Composite Resins
9.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 16(3): 362-366, dez 19, 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1293319

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da água de piscina (ozonizada e clorada), na sorção e solubilidade de duas resinas compostas: nanoparticulada Filtek Z350XT e micro-híbrida, Filtek Z250XT. Metodologia: foram confeccionados 80 corpos de prova, utilizando uma matriz de aço inoxidável (7,0 mm diâmetro x 1,0 mm espessura). A resina composta foi inserida em um único incremento, recoberta com tira de poliéster e placa de vidro e fotoativada por 55s. Os corpos de prova foram divididos em quatro grupos (n=10), para cada tipo de material: G1 (controle negativo ­ armazenado em estufa), G2 (controle positivo ­ água destilada), G3 (água ozonizada) e G4 (água clorada). Os corpos de prova foram pesados em balança analítica de precisão para obtenção da massa constante (m1). Posteriormente, foram expostos aos meios líquidos durante 60 dias consecutivos, sendo as águas de armazenamento trocadas diariamente. Após esse período, os corpos de prova foram pesados para obtenção de m2. Após essa etapa, novo ciclo de dessecação e pesagem foi realizado para obtenção de m3. Os valores de sorção de água e de solubilidade foram calculados e analisados estatisticamente ao nível de 5% de significância (ANOVA e teste Tukey). Conclusão: as duas resinas testadas não diferiram quanto à sorção de água, quando expostas à água destilada ou às águas de piscina (clorada ou ozonizada). A resina nanoparticulada apresentou valor de sorção de água estatisticamente superior no controle água destilada e na água ozonizada, já a resina micro-híbrida, apresentou o maior valor de sorção na água clorada. Em relação à solubilidade, ambos os compósitos apresentaram maiores valores quando expostos aos meios líquidos (água destilada, água clorada e água ozonizada), mais do que na condição controle seco. Assim, concluiu-se que a exposição ao meio aquoso aumentou a sorção de água e a solubilidade dos materiais resinosos testados.


Objective: the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of pool water (ozonized and chlorinated) on the sorption and solubility of two composite resins: Filtek Z350XT nanoparticle and Filtek Z250XT micro-hybrid. Methodology: 80 specimens were prepared using a stainless steel matrix (7.0 mm diameter x 1.0 mm thickness). The composite resin was inserted in a single increment, covered with a polyester strip, a glass plate and was photoactivated for 55s. The specimens were divided into four groups (n = 10) ­ one for each type of material: G1 (negative control ­ stored in greenhouse), G2 (positive control ­ distilled water), G3 (ozonated water) and G4( chlorinated water). The specimens were weighed in a precision analytical balance to obtain the constant mass (m1). Subsequently, they were exposed to the liquid medium for 60 consecutive days. The storage waters were changed daily. After this period, the specimens were weighed in order to obtain m2. After this step, a new desiccation and weighing cycle was performed so as to obtain m3. The values of water sorption and solubility were calculated and analyzed statistically at the 5% level of significance (ANOVA and Tukey test). Conclusion: the two resins which were tested did not differ in sorption from water when exposed to distilled water or pool water (chlorinated or ozonized). The nanoparticulate resin had a statistically higher water sorption value in the distilled water control as well as in the ozonated water, while the micro-hybrid resin had the highest sorption value in the chlorinated water. Regarding solubility, both composites presented higher values when exposed to the liquid medium (distilled water, chlorinated water and ozonated water), rather than in the dry control condition. Thus, it was concluded that exposure to the aqueous medium increased water sorption and solubility of the resin materials tested.


Subject(s)
Tooth Erosion
10.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 16(3): 387-392, dez 19, 2017. tab, fig
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342005

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a relação entre a asma e doenças bucais tem sido avaliada em diversos estudos, tanto pelas características inflamatórias, próprias das patologias, como também pela análise das alterações metabólicas advindas do uso de medicamentos para o controle da asma. Objetivo: este estudo descritivo reúne uma série de casos e tem como objetivo avaliar a condição bucal dos pacientes portadores de asma, assistidos no ambulatório de Pneumologia do Ambulatório Magalhães Neto do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos. Metodologia: foram avaliados 14 pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de asma. Verificou-se o índice da condição periodontal, a presença de alterações em tecidos moles, o índice de placa corada e sangramento à sondagem. Resultados: o número médio de dentes permanentes cariados, perdidos e obturados foi de 18,14. O Índice de Placa Corada evidenciou, do total avaliado, 3 pacientes com IPC≤ 50% e 11 com IPC > 50 %, sendo que constatou-se uma média do índice equivalente a 65,42. Quanto ao grau de severidade da doença, 3 pacientes apresentaram doença periodontal moderada e 11 doença periodontal severa. Do total avaliado, 14 pacientes foram diagnosticados com periodontite crônica, sendo que, destes, 12 apresentaram distribuição da doença localizada e 2, generalizada. Não foram observadas quaisquer alterações em tecidos moles. Conclusão: o desenvolvimento do presente estudo, juntamente com os estudos realizados até então, ratificam a necessidade de uma melhor investigação a respeito da interferência da atuação dos patógenos periodontais no sistema imune de pacientes com asma, bem como a relação inversa.


Introduction: the relationship between asthma and oral diseases has been evaluated in several studies due to the inflammatory characteristics of the both diseases and by the analysis of the metabolic alterations resulting from the use of medications to control asthma. Objective: this descriptive study is a series of cases and aims to evaluate the oral condition of Asthma patients assisted at the Pulmonology Outpatient Clinic of the Ambulatório Magalhães Neto from Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos. Methodology: 14 patients with clinical diagnosis of Asthma have been evaluated. Both the index of the periodontal condition and the presence of changes in soft tissues as well as the index of stained plaque and bleeding were verified. Results: the average number of decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth was 18.14.The stained plaque index (SPI) showed 3 patients with SPI ≤ 50% and 11 patients with SPI > 50% out of the total evaluated, with an average index equivalent to 65.42. Regarding the degree of disease severity, 3 patients had Moderate Periodontal Disease and 11 Severe Periodontal Disease. Among the total evaluated, 14 patients were diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, 12 of which had localized disease distribution and 2 generalized disease distribution. No changes were observed in soft tissues. Conclusion: the development of the currentstudy, alongside with the studies carried out so far, confirm the need for a better investigation regarding the interference of periodontal pathogens in the immune system of patients with asthma, as well as its inverse relationship.


Subject(s)
Respiratory Tract Diseases
11.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 16(3): 396-399, dez 19, 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342016

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o tratamento estético de dentes escurecidos é desafiador, especialmente quando o escurecimento ocorre de maneira pontual. Para alcançar bons resultados, é imprescindível, além do domínio da técnica restauradora, o conhecimento sobre a composição e características ópticas dos materiais restauradores. Objetivo: avaliar a cor resultante da sobreposição de duas resinas compostas, quando utilizadas sobre um substrato escurecido. Metodologia: na confecção dos corpos de prova, foram utilizadas duas matrizes metálicas e as resinas compostas Charisma A2 e OA2 e Opallis DA4 (simulando o substrato escurecido), perfazendo um total de 30 corpos de prova. As mensurações de cor foram realizadas em espectrofotômetro de reflexão (UV-2600; Shimadzu) e as leituras colorimétricas foram realizadas no programa Color Analysis, seguindo os parâmetros do sistema CIEL*a*b*. A análise estatística inferencial foi realizada pela ANOVA 1-critério. Para as comparações múltiplas, utilizou-se o teste Tukey (significância de 5%). Resultados: entre as três variáveis, apenas na variável a* houve diferença estatística (p<0,0001). Conclusão: os resultados permitiram a observação de alteração colorimétrica após o uso de ambas as resinas, porém com melhores resultados para o grupo da resina AO2, quando em comparação com o grupo da A2.


Introduction: the aesthetic treatment of darkened teeth is challenging, especially when darkening occurs in a timely manner. Besides mastering the restorative technique, knowledge about the composition and optical characteristics of restorative materials are essential in order to achieve good results. Objective: to evaluate the colour resulting from the overlapping of two composite resins when used on a darkened substrate. In the preparation of the test specimens, two metal matrices and the Charisma A2 and OA2 and Opallis DA4 composite resins (simulating the darkened substrate) were used, making a total of 30 specimens. The color measurements were performed in a spectrophotometer (UV-2600; Shimadzu) and the colorimetric readings were performed in the Color Analysis program, following the CIEL * a * b * system parameters. Inferential statistical analysis was carried out by ANOVA 1-criterion. The Tukey test (5% significance) was used for the multiple comparisons. Results: among the three variables, only in variable a * there was a statistical difference (p <0.0001). Conclusion: the results allowed the observation of colorimetric alteration after the use of both resins, but with better results for the AO2 resin group in comparison to the A2 group.


Subject(s)
Resins, Synthetic
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-154607

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study aimed to compare digital techniques for evaluating dental enamel de-/remineralization. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted molars were subjected to a process of de- and remineralization. Radiographs were taken before and after each stage. These radiographs were evaluated by the conventional method and were then scanned and analyzed either with or without the use of image enhancement. Moreover, the gray levels (GLs) of the affected areas were measured. Results: All methods exhibited low sensitivity and identical levels of specificity (99.4%). Analysis of the grayscale levels found statistically significant differences between the initial radiographs (P < 0.05). The mean GL of the carious group was significantly lower than that of the remineralized group. The GL did not differ significantly between the initial and final radiographs of the remineralized group, although the mean of the first group was lower than that of the second, which demonstrated that the remineralization process restored the normal density of the dental enamel. Conclusion: Measurement of the mean GL was sufficiently sensitive to detect small alterations in the surface of the enamel.


Subject(s)
Dental Enamel/metabolism , Radiography, Dental/methods , Radiography, Dental, Digital/methods , Tooth Demineralization/prevention & control , Tooth Remineralization/methods
13.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 12(2): 148-152, Apr.-June 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-694435

ABSTRACT

Aim: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of using a dental hypersensitivity treatment on thebond strength to dentin of etch-and-rinse and self-etching simplified adhesive systems. Methods:40 healthy molars were used. The crowns of teeth were removed at the dentinoenamel junction,and remaining roots were sectioned in the mesiodistal direction along their long axis, separatingthe buccal and lingual/palatal halves. The segments obtained were ground, keeping the buccalor lingual/palatal face turned downwards in order to flatten the surface and produce a standardizedsmear layer. Prepared specimens were randomly distributed into 4 groups (n=10), according tothe combination of surface treatment with the desensitizing dentifrice Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief(Colgate Palmolive®) (test group - with dentifrice and control group - without dentifrice) and typeof simplified bonding agent (etch-and-rinse and self-etching agents). Resin composite blockswere fabricated on the dentin surfaces, after application of bonding agents, and specimens weresectioned into rectangular stick-shaped specimens with cross-sectional area of approximately0.8mm2. For microtensile bond strength tests, 4 sticks were randomly selected from the centralregion of specimens, and fixed to a universal test machine. Data were analyzed statistically by theMann-Whitney U test (a=0.05). Results: The bond strength obtained in the group withoutdesensitizer (control) + etch-and-rinse agent was significantly higher compared with the othergroups. Under both experimental conditions, the self-etching agent showed weak bond strengthto dentin. Conclusions: Change in the dentin substrate by obliteration of tubules in the processof relieving dentinal sensitivity could reduce the bond strength of simplified etch-and-rinse andself-etching bonding agents.


Subject(s)
Dentin , Dentin Sensitivity
14.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 18(2): 61-68, Mar.-Apr. 2013. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-683185

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of bonding and debonding of orthodontic brackets on dental in-home bleaching, taking into account three different adhesive systems. METHODS: Forty-four bovine incisors were divided into four groups according to the primer system used for orthodontic bracket bonding. Following the debonding of orthodontic brackets, the teeth were stored in staining solution for 96 hours. Then, teeth were whitened using 10% carbamide peroxide for two weeks at a 6-hour-a-day regime. Standardized digital photographs were taken at the following intervals: T0 (initial); T1 (after debonding); T2 (after pigmentation); T3, T4 and T5 representing 1, 7, and 14 days of bleaching. Repeatability and stability tests were carried out to check the method accuracy. Images were analyzed using Adobe Photoshop 7.0 software considering (L*a*b*)color coordinate values and a modified color difference total (Δ;E'). RESULTS: The results of this study (ANOVA and Tukey; p < 0.01) demonstrated that after 7 days of bleaching, experimental groups showed significantly less teeth whitening compared to the control group. However, there were no significant color differences between the groups after 14 days, according to values of lightness (L*). CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the adhesive primer system applied, bonding and debonding of orthodontic brackets alters the outcome of tooth whitening in the first 7 days of bleaching, however it has no influence on the whitening of the dental structure after 14 days of in-home dental bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide.


OBJETIVO: o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência da colagem e descolagem de braquetes ortodônticos no clareamento caseiro, considerando três diferentes sistemas adesivos. MÉTODOS: quarenta e quatro incisivos bovinos foram divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com o sistema adesivo utilizado para colagem dos braquetes. Após a descolagem dos braquetes, os dentes foram pigmentados por 96 horas e depois clareados com peróxido de carbamida a 10% por 6 horas diárias, durante duas semanas. Foram realizadas fotografias digitais padronizadas nos tempos: T0 (inicial); T1 (após descolagem); T2 (após pigmentação); T3, T4 e T5 representando 1, 7 e 14 dias de clareamento. Testes de repetitividade e de estabilidade foram realizados para avaliar a acurácia do método. As imagens foram avaliadas pelo software Adobe Photoshop 7.0, considerando os parâmetros de cor (L*a*b*) e a diferença total de cor adaptada para esse estudo (Δ;E'). RESULTADOS: os resultados do presente estudo (ANOVA e Tukey; p < 0,01) demonstraram que, após uma semana de clareamento, os grupos experimentais apresentaram uma resposta mais lenta ao clareamento que o grupo controle. Contudo, após 14 dias, não houve diferença cromática significativa entre os grupos, observada pelos valores de luminosidade (L*). CONCLUSÕES: independentemente do sistema adesivo utilizado, a colagem e descolagem de braquetes ortodônticos altera os resultados de obtenção de cor com sete dias de avaliação. Contudo, após 14 dias não se observa nenhuma diferença de cor na estrutura dentária clareada pela técnica caseira.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Dental Bonding/methods , Dental Cements/chemistry , Dental Debonding/methods , Orthodontic Brackets , Peroxides/chemistry , Tooth Bleaching Agents/chemistry , Tooth Bleaching/methods , Urea/analogs & derivatives , Analysis of Variance , Colorimetry , Urea/chemistry
15.
J. appl. oral sci ; 18(6): 566-571, Nov.-Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-573725

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the contact of two lipsticks, one with common fixer and one with ultra fixer, on the color of a composite resin immediately, 30 min and 24 h after photoactivation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety specimens were prepared with a composite resin, Filtek-Z350. Specimens were polished and divided into 9 groups (n=10) according to time elapsed after photoactivation (A- immediately; B- 30 min; C- 24 h) and the contact with lipstick (UF- lipstick with ultra fixer; F- lipstick with common fixer). The control group was represented by specimens that did not have any contact with lipstick (C- without lipstick). Color measurements of the specimens were carried out using a spectrophotometer (Easyshade - CIE L* a* b* system). For UF and F groups, the baseline color of the specimens was measured immediately before pigmentation and the lipsticks were applied dry after 1 hour. The excess lipstick was removed with absorbent paper and final color checking was performed, including the control group. Differences between the final and baseline color measurements were calculated and data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test at 5 percent. RESULTS: The means between the differences of color values were: AUF: 16.0; AF: 12.4; AC: 1.07; BUF: 9.51; BF: 8.3; BC: 0.91; CUF: 17.7; CF: 12.41; CC: 0.82. CONCLUSION: Groups where lipstick was applied showed greater staining than the control group at the three evaluation times. The lipstick with ultra fixer stained more than the lipstick with common fixer. Time elapsed between photoactivation and contact with lipstick had a similar influence on the groups that received lipstick application.


Subject(s)
Composite Resins/chemistry , Cosmetics/chemistry , Color , Composite Resins/radiation effects , Cosmetics/adverse effects , Pigmentation , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surface Properties , Time Factors
16.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 23(2): 105-110, Sept. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949646

ABSTRACT

Color matching in the anterior superior incisor region (ASIR) is very difficult when using a rubber dam during restorative procedures. This study measured temperature/relative humidity parameters in the ASIR and evaluated the influence of the inhalation/ downtime/exhalation mouth-breathing cycle on microleakage in composite resin restorations performed in the region, using three different adhesive systems. Sixty bovine incisors were randomly assigned to six groups (n=10) according to environmental conditions (laboratory environment or intraoral conditions) and the three adhesive systems being tested (Prime & Bond NT (PB), Single Bond (SB) and Clearfil SE Bond (CL)). The composite resin restored specimens were thermocycled (800 cycles, 5-55°C), immersed in a 2% methylene blue-buffered solution and sectioned longitudinally. The dye penetration on the margin of the restoration was evaluated and non-parametric statistical analyses were performed. The temperature and humidity parameters in the ASIR showed significant differences when compared to the laboratory environment. Restorations performed in the ASIR environment showed no increases in microleakage. As it was shown that temperature/ humidity in ASIR do not affect marginal sealing in direct composite resin restorations negatively, better color matching can be safely achieved without the use of a rubber dam.


A selecao de cor na regiao dos incisivos superiores (RIS) e muito dificil quando se utiliza isolamento absoluto durante o procedimento restaurador. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mensurar os parametros de temperatura e umidade relativa na RIS e avaliar a influencia do ciclo de inspiracao e expiracao na microinfiltracao de restauracoes em resina composta realizadas na RIS, utilizando tres sistemas adesivos. Sessenta incisivos bovinos higidos foram distribuidos, aleatoriamente, em seis grupos (n=10) de acordo com as condicoes ambientais (laboratorial ou condicao intraoral) e um dos tres sistemas adesivos testados (Prime & Bond NT (PB), Single Bond (SB) and Clearfil SE Bond (CL)). Os especimes restaurados com resina composta foram termociclados (800 ciclos, 5-55°C), imersos em solucao de azul de metileno a 2% e seccionados longitudinalmente. A penetracao de corante ao longo da margem da restauracao foi mensurada e analisada estatisticamente usando testes nao parametricos. Os parametros de temperatura e umidade relativa em RIS foram significativamente diferentes quando comparados aos encontrados em condicoes laboratoriais. As restauracoes realizadas em RIS nao apresentaram aumento na infiltracao marginal, quando comparadas as restauracoes executadas em laboratorio. Como as condicoes de temperatura e umidade intraoral nao apresentaram efeito negativo no selamento marginal de restauracoes em resina composta, a nao utilizacao do uso de isolamento absoluto pode ser considerada quando restauracoes esteticas em dentes anteriores forem realizadas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Composite Resins , Dental Leakage , Temperature , Humidity
17.
RFO UPF ; 14(1): 32-36, jan.-abr. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-516896

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de colutórios bucais na dureza de três resinas compostas (Filtek Supreme® A2B – nanoparticulada [SUP], Filtek Z250® A2 – híbrida [Z25], Filtek Flow® A2 – híbrida de consistência fluida [FLO]). Três colutórios foram selecionados (Listerine® [LIS], PerioGard® [PER] e Cepacol® [CEP]) e a água destilada [AD] foi utilizada como solução de controle. Setenta e duas matrizes de um polímero de náilon, com 3 mm de diâmetro e 3 mm de espessura, foramconfeccionadas. As resinas foram inseridas nas matrizes em dois incrementos, os quais foram fotoativados por 20s cada. Os corpos-de-prova (cps) foram aplainados em lixas d’água e armazenados em água destilada por 24h. Cada tipo de resina composta foi dividido em quatro grupos (n = 6) de acordo com as soluções estudadas, as quais foram utilizadas sob o seguinte regime: três imersões por dia de 10min cada, durante trinta dias.Durante o período do estudo, os cps foram individualmente armazenados em água destilada. Cinco leiturasde dureza foram realizadas em cada cp e a média do número de dureza Knoop (KHN) dessas leituras foi utilizadapara a realização da análise estatística. Os resultados e desvios-padrão (DP) foram: SUP + LIS = 63,3(5,2) Bb; SUP + PER = 70,0(3,6)Ab; SUP + CEP = 67,8(3,6)ABb; SUP + AD = 64,3(3,8)Bb; Z25 + LIS = (2,4)88,4Aa; Z25 + PER = 77,1(5,4)Ba; Z25 + CEP = 83,8(3,9)Aa; Z25 + AD = 83,7(4,1)Aa; FLO + LIS = 44,3(4,1)Ac; FLO + PER = 46,5(1,6)Ac; FLO + CEP = 48,7(2,0)Ac; FLO + AD = 44,2(0,8)Ac. Após a análise de variância e o teste de Tukey (5 por cento), observou-se diferença estatística significativa entre a dureza Knoop das resinas testadas, sendoZ25 > SUP > FLO. Conclui-se que as resinas compostas comportaram-se de maneira diferente para cada tipo desolução utilizada


Subject(s)
Composite Resins , Hardness , Mouthwashes
18.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 22(3): 171-176, 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-585591

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the bonding compatibility between dualcuredresin cements and simplified adhesive systems (one-step self-etch and two-step etch & rinse), measured after 24 hours and 3 months. The occlusal dentin surfaces of 24 human third molars were exposed and flattened. Teeth were randomly assigned to 3 groups and treated with different combinations ofadhesive system and resin cement [G1 - Single Bond/Rely X ARC (SB/RX); G2 - Excite DSC/Variolink II (EX/VR); G3 -Adper Prompt/Rely X ARC (AD/RX)]. Indirect composite restorations were cemented on flattened surfaces, and sectioned to obtain multiple bonded beams for the microtensile bond strength test. The beams from each tooth were tested under tension after 24 hours and 3 months (ANOVA/ Tukey’s test, α=5%). Failure patterns were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. After 24h, AD/RX presented the lowest bond strength mean values. AD/RX specimens did not withstandthree months storage. SB/RX and EX/VR presented similar bond strengths in both periods tested. The associationAD/RX resulted in low bond strength mean values, especially after storage. Cementing indirect restorations using one-step self-etch adhesive systems and dual-cured resin cements wouldbe clinically unreliable.


Este estudo avaliou a compatibilidade de união entre cimentos resinosos de dupla polimerização e sistemas adesivos simplificados (adesivo autocondicionante - 1 passo- e adesivo total-each - 2 passos), após 24h e 3 meses. A superfície oclusal de 24 terceiros molares humanos foi exposta e planificada. Os dentes foram aleatoriamente divididos em 3 grupos usados de acordo a seguinte combinação entre sistema adesivo/cimento resinoso [G1 - Single Bond/Rely X ARC (SB/RX); G2 - Excite DSC/Variolink II (EX/VR); G3-Adper Prompt/Rely X ARC (AD/RX)]. Restaurações indiretas em resina composta foram cimentadas na superfície dentinária, e seccionados em múltiplos palitos para a realização do teste de resistência de união através do ensaio de microtração. Os palitos obtidos por dente foram submetidos ao teste após 24 horas e 3 meses (ANOVA/ Tukey test, α=5%). O padrão de fraturafoi observado no microscópio eletrônico de varredura. Após 24 horas, AD/RX apresentou menor valor médio de resistência de união. Os corpos-de-prova do grupo AD/RX não resistiram aoarmazenamento de 3 meses. SB/RX e EX/VR demonstraram similarresistência de união em ambos os períodos avaliados. A associação AD/RX resultou em menores valores médios deresistência de união, especialmente após o armazenamento. A cimentação de restaurações indiretas utilizando sistemas autocondicionantes (1 passo) e cimentos resinosos de dupla polimerização não foi considerada clinicamente confiável.


Subject(s)
Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Resin Cements/chemistry , Dentin , Dental Bonding/methods , Compressive Strength , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/methods , Data Interpretation, Statistical
19.
Rev. odonto ciênc ; 24(3): 290-294, July-Sept. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-873867

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and the presence of marginal gaps (MG) on composite restorations submitted to erosive and abrasive challenges.Methods: Seventy bovine incisors were sectioned in two halves; one half was used for the µTBS assay and the other for the MG measurement. For µTBS, the dentin on the incisal edge was exposed, the adhesive system was applied (Single Bond 2), and composite blocks were built (Filtek Z250). For MG, two rounded-shaped cavities were prepared and restored with the same materials. Specimens (n=10/µTBS and n=10/MG) were distributed into 7 groups: G1 - control; G2 - abrasive challenge (2 brushing cycles, for 35 days); G3 - erosive challenge (two 90 s immersions into 20 mL of a citric solution, for 35 days); G4, G5, G6, and G7 - abrasive challenge performed 0, 15, 30 or 60 min before the erosive challenge. Beam-shaped specimens were tested for µTBS until failure. MG was measured by means of qualitative scores, recorded in 8 regions from the margin. Results: No significant differences in µTBS means or MG scores were detected among the tested experimental groups. Conclusion: The abrasive and erosive challenges were not able to affect the bond of a conventional two-step adhesive system to tooth substrates.


Objetivo: Avaliar a resistência de união pela microtração (µTBS) e a presença de fendas marginais (FM) em restaurações de resina composta submetidas a desafios erosivos e abrasivos. Metodologia: Setenta incisivos bovinos foram divididos ao meio; metade foi utilizada na avaliação da µTBS e a outra para a presença de FM. Para µTBS, a dentina no bordo dos fragmentos foi exposta, o sistema adesivo (Single Bond 2) foi aplicado, e blocos de compósito (Filtek Z250) foram construídos. Para FM, duas cavidades circulares foram preparadas e restauradas com os mesmos materiais. Espécimes (n=10/µTBS e n=10/FM) foram distribuídos em 7 grupos: G1 - controle, G2 - desafio abrasivo (2 ciclos de escovação, por 35 dias), G3 - desafio erosivo (2 imersões de 90s em 20 ml de solução cítrica, por 35 dias), G4, G5, G6 e G7 - desafio abrasivo realizado 0, 15, 30 ou 60 min após o desafio erosivo. Espécimes em formato de ''palitos'' foram testados sob tração até a fratura. A FM foi avaliada por meio de escores qualitativos, medidos em 8 regiões da margem. Resultados: Não foram detectadas diferenças significativas entre as médias de µTBS, nem entre os escores de FM. Conclusão: Os desafios erosivos e abrasivos não foram capazes de afetar a união do sistema adesivo convencional de dois passos aos substratos dentais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Composite Resins , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Tooth Abrasion , Tooth Erosion , Case-Control Studies
20.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 6(23): 1445-1449, Oct.-Dec. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-518091

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the influence of the moment of salivary contamination during the bonding procedure (before or after acid conditioning) on the microleakage around composite resin restorations. Sixty bovine incisors received two Class V preparations (one with dentin margins and other with enamel margins). Teeth were randomly assigned into three groups (n=20): 1) control (not contaminated); 2) salivary contamination before etching with 34% phosphoric acid; and, 3) salivary contamination after acid etching. Cavities were restored using Prime & Bond NT (Dentsply) adhesive system and TPH Spectrum (Dentsply) composite according to manufacturer instructions. Teeth were thermocycled (500x, 5-55daXC, 60s/bath), immersed in 2% methylene blue buffered solution (pH 7.0), and sectioned into two halves. Three examiners measured the extent of dye penetration on dentin and enamel margins in a stereoscope microscope, using four representative scores. Statistical analysis were performed with Kruskal-Wallis/Wilcoxon tests (ãï=5%). The results showed that enamel and dentin margins did not present significant differences (p>0.05). However, significantly higher dye penetration was observed on substrates etched and further contaminated with saliva. It was concluded that salivary contamination after acid etching increases the microleakage around composite resin restorations, especially at dentin margins. However, acid etching subsequent to the contamination can avoid negative effects on restorations margins.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Environmental Pollution , Dental Leakage , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Saliva , Composite Resins , Dental Materials
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